The Kīsêdjê are the only group of the Gê language family living in the Xingu Indigenous Park in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. The Kīsêdjê live in circular villages, in houses constructed around a large open area where one or two "men’s houses" are located, one in the east and the other in the west. Many features of Kīsêdjê social organization and ritual life were modified after the attack on their village by the Juruna and their rubber tapper allies. Population loss, intense contact with the tribes of the Upper Xingu, and the death of a large number of the older men shortly after “pacification" resulted in profound modifications in Kīsêdjê social life.

Living in one of the world’s most biodiverse areas, the Kīsêdjê face widespread land grabs and deforestation threatening their culture, customs and livelihood. The borders of the protected areas in the Xingu river basin are on the frontline of deforestation. In 2019, more than 92 thousand hectares of forest have been cut down in the region.